A biotechnology course typically covers the application of biological systems, organisms, or derivatives to develop or create new products or processes. Here’s a brief overview of key areas usually included:

1. Introduction to Biotechnology: Overview of biotechnology, its history, and applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
2. Molecular Biology & Genetics: Basic principles of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, genetic engineering, cloning, and gene editing (CRISPR).
3. Cell Biology: Study of cell structure, function, and processes like cellular respiration, growth, and division.
4. Bioprocessing & Fermentation: Methods for producing biological products like enzymes, vaccines, and biofuels using microbes and cell cultures.
5. Genomics & Proteomics: Analysis of genomes and proteins, with emphasis on sequencing, bioinformatics, and data analysis.
6. Biotechnology in Medicine: Use of biotechnology in drug development, gene therapy, vaccines, and diagnostics.
7. Environmental Biotechnology: Applications in waste management, bioremediation, and sustainable agriculture.
8. Ethics & Regulatory Issues: Ethical concerns and government regulations in biotechnology research and applications.

This course often includes lab work and practical training to equip students with hands-on experience in modern biotech tools and techniques.